Diphtheria
Found – rare in developed countries due to vaccination, but is still endemic in developing countries and the former states of the USSR.
Vaccine is recommended for those who will be in close contact with infected people in endemic areas.
Cause – a disease of close contact, a bacterial illness transmitted through droplets in the air.
Symptoms – sore throat and fever. Can be life-threatening.
Prevention – by updating your diphtheria vaccine.
Tetanus
Found – rare in developed countries due to vaccination.
Prevention – by the tetanus vaccine. A booster is recommended every ten years, perhaps even every five years for developing world [...]
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Write lists of phone numbers and addresses of emergency contacts, friends you will be visiting, numbers to call if you lose things and need to cancel services or get replacements sent to you (your cell phone and credit cards, for example), phone numbers and addresses of embassies/consulates, and perhaps addresses of useful travel-related websites.
Some countries insist that you show some means of support (credit cards or cash), or have evidence of an address where you will be staying (hotel, friends, etc.) while visiting. You may also need to show return or onward air tickets.
As well as a passport, many countries require a visa to enter. This is simply a document or stamp issued by a country giving you permission to enter for a given period of time and for certain purposes, which is usually stamped or glued inside your passport, or issued as separate pieces of paper.